a draft

   ā    (before consonants), ab (before vowels, h, and some consonants, esp. l, n, r, s), abs (usu. only before t and q, esp. freq. before the pron. te), old af, praep. with abl., denoting separation or departure (opp. ad).    I. Lit., in space, from, away from, out of.    A. With motion: ab urbe proficisci, Cs.: a supero mari Flaminia (est via), leads: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun: usque a mari supero Romam proficisci, all the way from; with names of cities and small islands, or with domo, home (for the simple abl; of motion, away from, not out of, a place); hence, of raising a siege, of the march of soldiers, the setting out of a fleet, etc.: oppidum ab Aeneā fugiente a Troiā conditum: ab Alesiā, Cs.: profectus ab Orico cum classe, Cs.; with names of persons or with pronouns: cum a vobis discessero: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, i. e. from his house, T.; (praegn.): a rege munera repudiare, from, sent by, N.—    B. Without motion.    1. Of separation or distance: abesse a domo paulisper maluit: tum Brutus ab Romā aberat, S.: hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat, Cs.: a foro longe abesse: procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt, Cs.: cum esset bellum tam prope a Siciliā; so with numerals to express distance: ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo, eight miles distant, Cs.: ab milibus passuum minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off, Cs.; so rarely with substantives: quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, so far away, Cs.—    2. To denote a side or direction, etc., at, on, in: ab sinistrā parte nudatis castris, on the left, Cs.: ab eā parte, quā, etc., on that side, S.: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, Cs.: ab decumanā portā castra munita, at the main entrance, Cs.: crepuit hinc a Glycerio ostium, of the house of G., T.: (cornua) ab labris argento circumcludunt, on the edges, Cs.; hence, a fronte, in the van; a latere, on the flank; a tergo, in the rear, behind; a dextro cornu, on the right wing; a medio spatio, half way.—    II. Fig.    A. Of time.    1. Of a point of time, after: Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus, immediately after, Cs.: ab eo magistratu, after this office, S.: recens a volnere Dido, fresh from her wound, V.: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine, i. e. after leaving, L.: ab his, i. e. after these words, hereupon, O.: ab simili <*>ade domo profugus, i. e. after and in consequence of, L.—    2. Of a period of time, from, since, after: ab hora tertiā bibebatur, from the third hour: ab Sullā et Pompeio consulibus, since the consulship of: ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumum annum, since, S.: augures omnes usque ab Romulo, since the time of: iam inde ab infelici pugnā ceciderant animi, from (and in consequence of), L.; hence, ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first: ab integro, anew, afresh: ab... ad, from (a time)... to: cum ab horā septimā ad vesperum pugnatum sit, Cs.; with nouns or adjectives denoting a time of life: iam inde a pueritiā, T.: a pueritiā: a pueris: iam inde ab incunabulis, L.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, L.: ab parvulis, Cs.—    B. In other relations.    1. To denote separation, deterring, intermitting, distinction, difference, etc., from: quo discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem: propius abesse ab ortu: alter ab illo, next after him, V.: Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus, next in rank to, H.: impotentia animi a temperantiā dissidens: alieno a te animo fuit, estranged; so with adjj. denoting free, strange, pure, etc.: res familiaris casta a cruore civili: purum ab humano cultu solum, L.: (opoidum) vacuum ab defensoribus, Cs.: alqm pudicum servare ab omni facto, etc., II.; with substt.: impunitas ab iudicio: ab armis quies dabatur, L.; or verbs: haec a custodiis loca vacabant, Cs.—    2. To denote the agent, by: qui (Mars) saepe spoliantem iam evertit et perculit ab abiecto, by the agency of: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro: si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, at Caesar's hands, Cs.: vetus umor ab igne percaluit solis, under, O.: a populo P. imperia perferre, Cs.: equo lassus ab indomito, H.: volgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus? by whose hands and upon whose orders? factus ab arte decor, artificial, O.: destitutus ab spe, L.; (for the sake of the metre): correptus ab ignibus, O.; (poet. with abl. of means or instr.): intumuit venter ab undā, O.—Ab with abl. of agent for the dat., to avoid ambiguity, or for emphasis: quibus (civibus) est a vobis consulendum: te a me nostrae consuetudinis monendum esse puto.—    3. To denote source, origin, extraction, from, of: Turnus ab Ariciā, L.: si ego me a M. Tullio esse dicerem: oriundi ab Sabinis, L.: dulces a fontibus undae, V.—With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping (cf. a parte), from, on the part of: a quo quidem genere, iudices, ego numquam timui: nec ab Romanis vobis ulla est spes, you can expect nothing from the Romans, L.; (ellipt.): haec a servorum bello pericula, threatened by: quem metus a praetore Romano stimulabat, fear of what the praetor might do, L.—With verbs of paying, etc., solvere, persolvere, dare (pecuniam) ab aliquo, to pay through, by a draft on, etc.: se praetor dedit, a quaestore numeravit, quaestor a mensā publicā, by an order on the quaestor: ei legat pecuniam a filio, to be paid by his son: scribe decem (milia) a Nerio, pay by a draft on Nerius, H.; cognoscere ab aliquā re, to know or learn by means of something (but ab aliquo, from some one): id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse, Cs.; in giving an etymology: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, L.—Rarely with verbs of beginning and repeating: coepere a fame mala, L.: a se suisque orsus, Ta.—    4. With verbs of freeing from, defending, protecting, from, against: ut a proeliis quietem habuerant, L.: provincia a calamitate est defendenda: sustinere se a lapsu, L.—    5. With verbs and adjectives, to define the respect in which, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of: orba ab optimatibus contio: mons vastus ab naturā et humano cultu, S.: ne ab re sint omissiores, too neglectful of money or property, T.: posse a facundiā, in the matter of eloquence, T.; cf. with laborare, for the simple abl, in, for want of: laborare ab re frumentariā, Cs.—    6. In stating a motive, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: patres ab honore appellati, L.: inops tum urbs ab longinquā obsidione, L.—    7. Indicating a part of the whole, of, out of: scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto, Cs.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).—    8. Marking that to which anything belongs: qui sunt ab eā disciplinā: nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt.—    9. Of a side or party: vide ne hoc totum sit a me, makes for my view: vir ab innocentiā clementissimus, in favor of.—10. In late prose, of an office: ab epistulis, a secretary, Ta. Note. Ab is not repeated with a following pron interrog. or relat.: Arsinoën, Stratum, Naupactum... fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc. It is often separated from the word which it governs: a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo: a minus bono, S.: a satis miti principio, L.—The poets join a and que, making āque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.): aque Chao, V.: aque mero, O.—In composition, ab- stands before vowels, and h, b, d, i consonant, l, n, r, s; abs- before c, q, t; b is dropped, leaving as- before p; ā- is found in āfuī, āfore ( inf fut. of absum); and au- in auferō, aufugiō. I II III

    per-scrībō īpsī, īptus, ere,    to write in full, write at length, write out: res gestas populi R., S.: de meis rebus ad Lollium: hoc perscriptum in monumentis reperietis, ut, etc.: a primordio urbis res populi R., L.: versum puris verbis, H.—In public records, to record, enter, register: senatūs consulta, Cs.: in tabulas publicas ad aerarium.—<*> In account books, to enter, charge: falsum nomen. —To describe fully, recount, detail: rem gestam, Cs.: mihi tuam orationem.—To make over by writing, assign, pay by draft: argentum alcui, T.: de publico alqd: a quaestore perscribi, to be paid by a draft on the quaestor, L.

    classis is （abl. e; rarely ī), f    [1 CAL-], a class, great division (of the people, formed, according to property, by Servius Tullius), L.: prima classis vocatur... tum secunda classis, etc.—Fig.: quintae classis videri, i. e. of the lowest rank.—The citizens under arms, an army: Hortinae classes (i. e. copiae), V.— A fleet: nomina in classem dare, L.: maximas aedificare classes: classis ornandae causā, L.: facere, Cs.: classe navigare, by ship: penatīs Classe veho mecum, V.: classibus valent, Ta.

    dēlēctus adj.    [P. of 1 deligo], picked, choice, select, chosen: legio, Cs.: iuventus, V.: equites, S.: cum delectis tentare omnia, picked men, S. I II III

    dēlēctus ūs, m     see dilectus. I II III

    dēscrīptiō ōnis (often confounded with discriptio), f    [describo], a marking out, delineation, copy, transcript, draft: caeli, circuit: tabularum: alqd descriptionibus explicare.—Fig., a representation, delineation, description: aedificandi, plan: servorum: regionum, topography: nominis, definition.—A proper disposition, order, arrangement: via descriptionis atque ordinis (in oratione): centuriarum classiumque, L.: temporum.—In the sense distribution, division, the proper form is discriptio.

    dīlēctus adj.    [P. of diligo], loved, beloved, dear: Maecenas, H.: Superis, O.: sorori, V. I II

    dīlēctus or dēlēctus ūs, m    [dis- or dē + 1 LEG-], a choosing, picking out, selecting, selection, choice, distinction: ad quod delectus adhibetur: iudicum: dignitatis: non dilectu aliquo ducitur ad iudicandum: sine ullo delectu: coire nullo dilectu, indiscriminately, O. — A levy, recruiting, enrollment, conscription, draft (of soldiers, etc.): per legatos delectum habere, Cs.: delectu totā Italiā habito: quam acerrimus, L.: missus ad dilectūs agendos, Ta.: perditissimorum civium.

    exemplum ī, n    [EM-], a sample, specimen: hominum exempla, i. e. representatives of the race, O.— An imitation, image, portrait, draught, transcript, copy: earum (litterarum), S.: epistulae.— A pattern, model, original, example, precedent, incident, case: simulacrum ab animali exemplo transfertur: litterarum, a draft: exempla ad imitandum: naturae et veritatis: Ex hoc numero (amicorum) nobis exempla sumenda sunt: vir exempli recti: in oculis exemplum erat Fabius, L.: exemplum a me petere, L.: qui exemplum et rectores habebantur, Ta.: spinas Traxit in exemplum, O.: habuerunt virtutes spatium exemplorum, i. e. room to show themselves, Ta.: quasi exempli causā, as an example: sequimur exempla deorum, O.: sententiae exemplo haud salubres, i. e. by becoming a precedent, L.: mala exempla ex rebus bonis orta sunt, S.: illo exemplo confirmat, etc., by that instance: Venit in exemplum furor, served as a lesson, O.: exempli causā paucos nominavi, for example's sake: exempli gratiā.— A warning example, warning, lesson, penalty: Exemplum statuite in me, ut, etc., T.: simile severitatis tuae: in eos omnia exempla cruciatūsque edere, Cs.: ea in civitatem exempli edendi facultas, L.: in eum indigna, T.: esse in exemplo, to serve as a warning, O. — A way, manner, kind, nature: more et exemplo populi R. iter dare, Cs.: eodem exemplo quo, L.: exemplo nubis aquosae Fertur, after the manner of, O.— A tenor, purport, contents: litterae uno exemplo: scribere bis eodem exemplo: hoc exemplo, as follows.

    fōrmula ae, f dim.    [forma], a form, draft, contract, covenant, agreement, regulation: antiqua iuris, L.: milites ex formulā parati, L.— A rule, principle: formula constituenda est: certa disciplinae: haec formula reges tenet, H.—In law, a form, rule, method, prescription, formula (for judicial proceedings): pacti et conventi: in testamentorum formulis versari: antiquae: postulationum: sunt formulae de omnibus rebus constitutae: cognitionis, the rule of evidence, L.

    inchoō āvī, ātus, āre,    to begin, commence: signum ab alio incohatum absolvere: initium sedis ab saltu, Ta.: Stygio regi aras, i. e. begins to sacrifice, V.: spem longam, entertain, H.—Of a writer or speaker, to essay to treat, open, begin to discuss, propose: res attigit hic versibus atque incohavit: alqd mihi nuper de oratoribus: nil altum, V.: incohante Caesare de, etc., Ta.

    perscrīptiō ōnis, f    [perscribo], a writing down, entry, official record: perscriptionum et liturarum adversaria: illud senatūs consultum eā perscriptione est, ut, etc., i. e. of such a tenor.—A making over by writing, assignment, payment by draft: pactio perscriptionibus facta.

    per-solvō solvī, solūtus, ere,    to unravel, solve, explain: hoc mihi.—To pay, pay out, pay over: pretium tibi, T.: pecuniam a discipulis suis Fufiis, pay by a draft on, etc.: (aes alienum) alienis nominibus suis copiis, debts charged to others, S.—To pay, give, show, render, suffer: poenas, Cs.: tibi laborum praemia pro me: gratīs, render thanksgiving, V.: dis gratiam: honorem dis, offer sacrifices, V.: vota, fulfil: iusta, pay honors to the dead, Cu.: poenas dis hominibusque, suffer at the hands of: persolvi primae epistulae, have answered. —To render, inflict: ab omnibus esse ei poenas persolutas.

    re-praesentō āvī, ātus, āre,    to make present, set in view, show, exhibit, display, manifest, represent, depict: templum repraesentabat memoriam consulatūs mei: (voltu) Virtutem Catonis, H.: urbis species repraesentabatur animis, Cu.: apte ad repraesentandam iram deūm ficta, L.—To pay down, pay in cash, pay in ready money: a Faberio (pecuniam), pay down by a draft on Faberius: si qua iactura facienda sit in repraesentando, if some deduction be made for cash.—To make present, perform immediately, realize, do now, accomplish instantly, hasten: alqd, Cs.: consilium, Cu.: medicina, quam repraesentare ratione possimus, apply immediately: improbitatem suam, hurry on: diem promissorum, anticipate: poenam, Ph.: si repraesentari morte meā libertas civitatis potest, be realized: minae repraesentatae casibus suis, fulfilled forthwith, L.

    scrībō scrīpsī, scrīptus, ere    [SCARP-], to scratch, grave, engrave, draw: quamque lineam: columna litteris scripta, inscribed, Cu.: scripto radiat Germanicus auro, Iu.: mihi Scripta illa dicta sunt in animo Chrysidis, graven, T.— To write: cum HS XXX scripta essent pro HS CCC: erat scriptum ipsius manu: suā manu scripsit, L.: Scripta ‘soror’ fuerat, O.— To write, write out, compose, draw up, produce: quo nemo in scribendo praestantior fuit: ad scribendum animum appulit, T.: Sumite materiem vestris, qui scribitis, aequam Viribus, H.: Denique nec video de tot scribentibus unum, O.: Graecam historiam: librum de rebus rusticis: in Catone Maiore, qui est scriptus ad te de senectute: defensionem causae suae: notas, O.: carmina, H.: epistulis tuis perdiligenter scriptis: litteras, quas ad Pompeium scripsi, tibi misi.— To draw up, draught, formulate, prepare, execute: urbana militia respondendi scribendi, i. e. of drawing legal instruments: testamenta: leges: senatūs consulto scribendo Lamiam adfuisse, i. e. to have been a party to, etc.: ponor ad scribendum, i. e. my signature is added: ad scribendum amicitiae foedus adduci, to conclude, L.— To write, write of, describe, tell in writing: scriptam attulerat sententiam: tibi formam et situm agri, describe, H.: bellum, L.: Quis Martem Digne scripserit, who could depict, H.: cum auctor pugnae se Cossum consulem scripserit, called himself (in the inscription), L.: Scriberis Vario fortis et hostium Victor, H.— To write, communicate, say in writing, tell in a letter: tu si, ut scribis, Kal. Iun. Romā profectus es, etc.: nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam, scribo tamen, non ut te delectem, etc.: consules Fulvio, ut exercitum ad Clusium admoveant, scribunt, L.: erat scriptum ipsius manu senatui, sese, etc.: scripsit ut heredes iurarent, etc.: Scipioni scribendum, ne bellum remitteret, L.: scribit Labieno, ad finīs Nerviorum veniat, Cs.: Romae quod scribis sileri, ita putabam: Graeceius ad me scripsit, C. Cassium sibi scripsisse, homines comparari, qui, etc.: erat scriptum, sese facturum esse, etc.: nec scribis, quam ad diem te exspectemus: scribe ad nos, quid agas.— Of troops, to enlist, enroll, levy, recruit, draft: milites, S.: exercitui supplementum, S.: scribebantur quattuor fere legiones quinis milibus peditum, L.: Albam in Aequos sex milia colonorum scripta, enrolled to be sent, L.: Scribe tui gregis hunc, enroll him in your retinue, H.— To name in a will, appoint by testament, designate, constitute: illum heredem et me scripserat: in testamento Ptolemaei patris heredes erant scripti, etc., Cs.: quis pauper scribitur heres? Iu.: illum tutorem liberis suis, appoint guardian by will.—To order a payment, draw a check for: Scribe decem a Nerio, draw on Nerius for ten (thousand sesterces), H.

    solvō solvī (soluit, Ct.; soluisse, Tb.), solūtus, ere    [2 se+luo], to loosen, unbind, unfasten, unfetter, untie, release: iube solvi (eum), T.: ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt: ita nexi soluti (sunt), L.: Solvite me, pueri, V.: quo modo solvantur (nodi), Cu.: solve capillos, untie, O.: crines, let down, O.: terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae, i. e. thawed, H.: Solve senescentem equum, i. e. from service, H.: talibus ora solvit verbis, freely opens, O.: Solvite vela, unfurl, V.— To detach, remove, part, disengage, free: ancorā solutā (i. e. a litore): classis retinacula solvi iussit, O.: teque isto corpore solvo, V.: partūs, to bring forth, O.—Of ships, to free from land, set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart: navīs solvit, Cs.: primis tenebris solverat navem, L.: cum foedere solvere navīs, O.: navīs a terrā solverunt, Cs.: ab Corintho solvere navīs, L.: tertia fere vigiliā solvit (sc. navem), Cs.: nos eo die cenati solvimus: a Brundusio solvit, L.: Alexandriā solvisse: portu solventes.— To untie, unfasten, unlock, unseal, open: ille pharetram Solvit, uncovered, O.: solutā epistulā, N.: solutis fasciis, Cu.— To take apart, disintegrate, disunite, dissolve, separate, break up, scatter, dismiss: ubi ordines procursando solvissent, L.: agmina Diductis solvēre choris, V.: solvit maniplos, Iu.: coetuque soluto Discedunt, O.: urbem solutam reliquerunt, disorganized: si solvas ‘Postquam discordia tetra’... Invenias, etc., H.— To relax, benumb, make torpid, weaken: ima Solvuntur latera, V.: pennā metuente solvi, i. e. unflagging, H.: illi solvuntur frigore membra, V.: corpora somnus Solverat, O.: somno vinoque solutos, O.: Solvitur in somnos, V.— To loosen, break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, scatter: omne conligatum solvi potest: solvere navīs et rursus coniungere, Cu.: membra ratis, O.— To dissolve, melt, turn, change: nives solvere, melt, O.: (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem, V.—Of fastenings, to loose, remove, cancel, untie, unlock: nullo solvente catenas, O.: Frenum solvit, Ph.: Solvitur acris hiemps, H.: a corpore bracchia, relaxes his hold, O.: crinalīs vittas, V.: vinculum epistulae, Cu.—Fig., to free, set free, release, loose, emancipate, relieve, exempt: linguam ad iurgia, O.: cupiditates suas, Cu.: Bassanitas obsidione, L.: ut religione civitas solvatur: Vopiscus, solvatur legibus, be exempted: petente Flacco ut legibus solveretur, L.: ut is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solvat, release the testamentary heirs: reus Postumus est eā lege... solutus ac liber, i. e. the law does not apply to: solutus Legibus insanis, H.: vos curis ceteris, T.: solvent formidine terras, V.: Vita solutorum miserā ambitione, H.: longo luctu, V.: calices quem non fecere Contractā in paupertate solutum? i. e. from cares, H.: ego somno solutus sum, awoke.— To acquit, absolve, cleanse, relieve: ut scelere solvamur, be held guiltless: hunc scelere solutum periculo liberavit: Sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei, O.— To relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe (poet.): solvatur fronte senectus (i. e. frons rugis solvatur), be cleared, H.: arctum hospitiis animum, H.—Of ties, obligations, or authority, to remove, cancel, destroy, efface, make void, annul, overthrow, subvert, violate, abolish: solutum coniugium, Iu.: nec coniugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus, O.: culpa soluta mea est, O.: quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia conruperat, S.: solvendarum legum principium (i. e. dissolvendarum), Cu.: disciplinam militarem, subvert, L.: pactique fide data munera solvit, i. e. took back, O.— To loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse, dissolve, destroy: plebis vis soluta atque dispersa, S.: senectus quae solvit omnia, L.: nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae, H.: hoc firmos solvit amores, O.— To end, remove, relieve, soothe: ieiunia granis, O.: Curam Dulci Lyaeo, H.: corde metum, V.: pudorem, V.: solutam cernebat obsidionem, the siege raised, L.: Solventur risu tabulae (see tabula), H.— To accomplish, fulfil, complete, keep (of funeral ceremonies, vows, and promises): omnia paterno funeri iusta, finish the burial rites: iustis defunctorum corporibus solutis, Cu.: exsequiis rite solutis, V.: vota, fulfil: Vota Iovi, O.: solvisti fidem, you have kept your promise, T.: Esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, i. e. your pledge (to be mine through life), O.— To solve, explain, remove: quā viā captiosa solvantur, i. e. are refuted: Carmina non intellecta, O.: nodos iuris, Iu.—Of debts, to fulfil, pay, discharge, pay off: hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas, settled: Castricio pecuniam iam diu debitam, a debt of long standing: ex quā (pensione) maior pars est ei soluta: rem creditori populo solvit, L.: ut creditae pecuniae solvantur, Cs.: debet vero, solvitque praeclare.—Of persons, to make payment, pay: cuius bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt: ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis: pro vecturā: tibi quod debet ab Egnatio, pay by a draft on Egnatius: numquam vehementius actum est quam ne solveretur, to stop payments: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno res p. esset, able to pay its debt, L.; hence the phrase, solvendo esse, to be solvent: solvendo non erat, was insolvent: cum solvendo civitates non essent: ne videatur non fuisse solvendo.—Of money or property, to pay, pay over, hand over (for pecuniā rem or debitum solvere): emi: pecuniam solvi: pro quo (frumento) pretium, L.: quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur: arbitria funeris, the expenses of the funeral: Dona puer solvit, paid the promised gifts, O.: HS CC praesentia, in cash: legatis pecuniam pro frumento, L.—Of a penalty, to accomplish, fulfil, suffer, undergo: iustae et debitae poenae solutae sunt: capite poenas, S.: meritas poenas solvens, Cu.